Tambov region
The fights were set up in a special vast place outside the village, called – “Paradka”. The holiday included a fist fight, festivities and a fair.
МИР, В КОТОРОМ МЫ ЖИВЕМ.
В.И. Вернадский впервые выдвинул идею о том, что человеческий фактор в развитии биосферы становится главенствующим. Во второй половине ХХ века отмечается исключительно стремительное воздействие на геоэкосферу хозяйственной деятельности человека. Поэтому очень важно исследовать и показать особенности геоэкологии не только в глобальном масштабе, но и на её небольших частях, таких, как наша Тамбовская область. Каждый её житель вправе знать, как формируются условия существования и взаимоотношения живых организмов и человека в связи с особенностями её географического положения, геологического строения, рельефа, климата, вод и почв.
Таким образом, наша цель – изучение взаимоотношения общества и природы на территории Тамбовской области.
Основные задачи:
– изучить особенности компонентов природы Тамбовской области;
– показать взаимосвязи между компонентами природы;
– установить, как особенности природы оказывают влияние на жизнь человека;
– выявить, какие изменения происходят с компонентами природы в связи с хозяйственной деятельностью человека на территории области.
Характер природы и ландшафтов Тамбовской области предопределен ее географическим положением. Тамбовская область лежит в южной части Восточно -Европейской равнины, занимает центральную часть Окско-Донской (Тамбовской) равнины (высота до 219 м). Рельеф пологоволнистый, расчленённый балками и оврагами.
Как положение области влияет на минеральные богатства области?
В настоящее время на территории области разведано по промышленным категориям 317 месторождений полезных ископаемых осадочного происхождения. В их числе фосфориты, титаноциркониевые и формовочные пески, минеральные краски, сапропели, торф, строительные минералы, минеральные воды. Помимо этого есть перспективные территории для разведки бетонитовых глин, стекольных песков, глауконитового сырья.
Положение в центре плиты Русской платформы, обусловил равнинный рельеф со средней абсолютной высотой 150 м.
Как особенности рельефа и горных пород влияют на геоэкологическое состояние территории области?
Небогатый набор полезных ископаемых осадочного происхождения. Это обусловило незначительное техногенное воздействие, связанное с добычей полезных ископаемых.
Положение в центре Окско-Донской низменности в сочетании с рыхлостью пород осадочного чехла способствует эрозии почв, образованию оврагов, нарушению экологического равновесия.
Каковы особенности климата Тамбовской области?
Положение региона в умеренном климатическом поясе в области умеренно-континентального климата с неустойчивым увлажнением
Особенности циркуляции атмосферы( преобладание зимой восточных ветров, а летом – западных и северо-западных) способствуют поступлению загрязнителей воздуха из соседних областей.
Экологические показатели субъектов Центрально-Чернозёмного района
Водные ресурсы Тамбовской области
По территории области протекает 1400 рек, речек и ручьёв, но большинство из них относятся к самым малым рекам России; 8 из них могут считаться средними. Самыми крупными являются Цна и Ворона.
Маловодность рек, зарегулированность весеннего стока приводят к заилению русла и родников и загрязнению водоёмов.
Большинство берёт начало на территории Тамбовской области, что полностью защищает её от импорта водных загрязнений.
Каковы особенности растительности Тамбовской области?
Тамбовская область расположена в лесостепной зоне. 450 лет назад леса занимали 45-50% площади. Сейчас лесами занято 10%.
Для Тамбовской области актуальна проблема сохранения биоразнообразия.
Тамбовская область расположена в лесостепной зоне. 450 лет назад леса занимали 45-50% площади.
Сейчас лесами занято 10%.Основные породы: сосна, дуб, клён, ясень, берёза, осина.
Почвенные ресурсы Тамбовской области
По структуре почвенного покрова наша область отчетливо делится на 2 полосы по линии Мичуринск – Тамбов – Кирсанов:
господствуют типичные черноземы, солонцеватые и лугово-черноземные почвы по западинам
господствуют выщелоченные среднегумусовые среднемощные черноземы.
Значительные площади занимают серые лесные почвы и оподзоленные черноземы.
Основным богатством области являются самые плодородные в стране черноземные почвы. Земельный фонд Тамбовской области составляет свыше 3,4 миллионов гектаров, около 80% которых приходится на сельскохозяйственные угодья, практически полностью состоящие из черноземов.
Интенсивная эксплуатация почв часто превышает их способности к самовосстановлению, что приводит к деградации почв. Содержание гумуса за последние 100 лет снизилось почти вдвое – с 14 до 7%.
ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ
Атлас Тамбовской области/под науч. Руководством А.М. Кириллова. -4-е изд. –Новосибирск: Роскартография, 1999. -41 с.
С.Д.Аленина, О.Д.Дубровина, М.М.Кузьмина/Геоэкология Тамбовской области.8 класс: методическое пособие. – Тамбов,2006
В.И.Артамонов/Зеленыеоракулы.М:Мысль.1989
Доклад «О состоянии и охране окружающей среды на территории Тамбовской области в 2003г.»Главное управление природных ресурсов и охраны окружающей среды МПР России по Тамбовской области,2004.
Живые жемчужины Тамбовского края. Атлас редких и исчезающих видов флоры/ Г.С. Усова. – Тамбов, 2006.
Охрана природы: Справочник / К. П. Митрюшкин.- М: Агропромиздат,1987.
Т. А. Попова/ Экология в школе: Мониторинг природной среды. Методическое пособие. – М.:ТУ Сфера,2005.
Растения и животные Тамбовской области: кадастр и мониторинг: Сб. научн. трудов( под ред. В.Н. Яценко). – Мичуринск,2002.
Е.И. Хабаров, С.А. Панова/ Экология в таблицах: справочное пособие. – М: Дрофа.1999.
Учебное пособие «Географическое краеведение» 6 –й класс/ Под редакцией Н.И. Дудника, кандидата географических наук, профессора, зав. Кафедрой физической географии и краеведения ТГУ им. Г.Р.Державина.Тамбов. 2006.
Tambov region
“Tambov is the city of historical honor and cultural heritage”
The city of Tambov traces its history back to April, 17th 1636. Tambov coat – a beehive and three bees in azure background as symbols of diligence and bee-farming, was approved in 1781. An architectural portrait of present-day Tambov can be presented through the history of some of its most significant historical buildings and cultural monuments: Intercession church and Ascension Convent, Roman Catholic church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, manufacturer M.V. Aseyev’s mansion, etc. Today, rich in flowers and greenery lively city on the river Tsna is always glad to welcome travelers and guests at any time.
Cities and towns
The mansion of the merchant M.V. Aseev
The mansion of the merchant M.V. Aseev with an interesting history of its construction and biography of its owner was designed by the outstanding Russian architect Lev Kekushev.
M.V. Aseev was a famous manufacturer, philanthropist and the founder of the Art Nouveau style in Russia who managed to bring the cultural and public forces of the city all together. The construction of the Aseev house in the Art Nouveau style in 1906 determined the stylistic direction in the work of many local architects and the image of the city.
In addition to high artistic qualities, the mansion demonstrated the introduction of the most progressive building technologies: glass vaults using Falconier glass blocks, artistic aluminum casting, machine wood carving. This cultural monument is important not only for professional architects, but also for ordinary people who appreciate the history and culture of Russia.
Gastronomic specialities
Tambov gammon
The city of Tambov is well known not only for historical sights and beautiful nature. The Tambov region attracts many people for gastronomic tourism. The diversity of traditions and culture of the Tambov area affects the gastronomic features of the region.
Today, the Tambov region is recognized as a leader in Russia’s meat industry in the production of pork. The famous “Tambov gammon” the high quality of which is widely known far beyond the Tambov region.
Apples
Apples are also famous throughout the country. The Tambov region is associated with the name of Ivan Michurin – Russian biologist and breeder, author of many varieties of fruit and berry crops and, of course, Michurin apples. Michurinsk is considered to be the agricultural science city and the leader in horticulture of the Tambov region and abroad. The high scientific potential of Tambov region meets the national priorities of the country’s food security, ensuring healthy nutrition for the population.
honey
The Tambov region has always been famous for its apiculture. That is why a hive with bees is depicted on the emblem of the city. Linden, buckwheat, flower honey collected in the Tambov region is distinguished by a high content of vitamins and microelements. The ecologically safe area of the region makes Tambov honey useful and healthful.
Points of cultural interest
Author: Marina Rukhova , photo artist, participant of the Tambov creative photo project “The Magicians of Light Painting” and exhibitions of contemporary art photography
The city of Tambov is a modern, developing, well-groomed and green city, with a rich history of attractions!
The section “Points of cultural interest” presents the most interesting and popular places for citizens and tourists to visit! It provides the cultural and natural objects of the historical city center with a centuries-old history!
This is one of the most ancient squares of the city, and the most famous temple complexes representing objects of cultural, architectural, historical and religious significance, and the main river of the Tambov city – Tsna with its picturesque banks, and the view from the most popular observation deck in Tambov – Tezikov Bridge!
The author’s photographs are made with a handmade creative lens – a monocle made by Tambov master Viktor Zharikov, known in Russia and abroad. The monocle is applicable in various genres of photography, becoming the basis for modern pictorial photography – a unique direction for the Tambov Region!
Kazan cathedral
The Monastery of Our Lady of Kazan is a Russian Orthodox monastery in Tambov. It is dedicated to the Theotokos of Kazan. The monastery was founded in 1670. Soon it was declared the main residence of local bishops. The monastery was closed in 1918 after the Russian Revolution. In 1992 the monastery reopened and underwent renovation. The main church of the monastery is known as the only Orthodox church in the world painted in the “Grisaille” technique. It was consecrated in 1796. A small chapel commemorating the victims of the Tambov Rebellion was unveiled by Alexios II in 1993. The monastery has the tallest belltower in Central Russia, rising to a height of 107 meters.
Monastery of Our Lady of Kazan
Author: Marina Rukhova
Kazan cathedral_location
The Cathedral of the Saviour’s Transfiguration Author: Marina Rukhova
Tambov main cathedral_location
Tambov main cathedral
Samshvilde is one of the oldest cities in Georgia, it is one of the most important monuments of its location, landscape and, thanks to its rich historical past, it is one of the most memorable and fascinating, and the first impression is indelible.
The castle-town is preserved in the form of ruins. A naturally fortified cape at the confluence of the Chivchavi and Khrami rivers was selected for the city, with rocky, sloping Khrami on both sides and a fence on the third.
According to the results of archeological research, it belongs to BC. წ. II half of the IV millennium and III millennium. The city is divided into three parts – to the east, at the end of the cape, there is an inner fortress, the middle part is a fortress enclosed by walls, and to the west is the city. This part of the city had no fence. The “city nation” and the “trading nation” lived here, and near the road stands a small hall church named after St. George, once covered with hewn stone.
The city was the center of Samshvildi Saeristavo immediately after the formation of the state of Kartli. There are caves, menhirs, settlements and extensive cemeteries in its vicinity. Samshvilde is mentioned in connection with Alexander the Great’s expedition to Georgia.
Tambov view
The photo presents a view from the Tezikov Bridge to the embankment of the Tambov city, the temple complexes of Monastery of Our Lady of Kazan and Cathedral of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos (one of the most ancient buildings in Tambov) and the Tsna River. The Tezikov bridge got its name from the street. Tezikovskaya Street is now called Sergeyev-Tsensky Street. Nowadays, the bridge has become pedestrian.
The Tsna is a river in the Tambov and Ryazan Regions of Russia, a left tributary of the Moksha (Volga basin). The length of the river is 451 km. The name of the river is usually derived from the Baltic *tasna, comparing it with Prussian *tusnan “quiet”.
Tambov view Author: Marina Rukhova
View from the bridge_location
Customs and tradition, local festivals
Traditional ethnosport
Traditional ethnosport games “Atmanovskie kulachki” are the most popular event tourism holiday in the Tambov region and in Russia. The holiday keeps the true folk tradition of the ancient сossack «Atmanov Corner» village of the Tambov region, where mass fist fights took place from the ancient times. Traditionally the main fist fight took place on the Dormition of the Mother of God Day (locally – “Dormition Day”) on August 27 (new style).
fist fight, festivities and a fair
The fights were set up in a special vast place outside the village, called – “Paradka”. The holiday included a fist fight, festivities and a fair.
Folklore and ethnocultural studies of ancient villages of the Tambov region, carried out in 1998, as well as from 2010 to 2020 headed by L.Yu. Evtikhieva, allowed to accumulate empirical material, which is now used in the description of the authentic festival traditions and design of the programs for the traditional ethnosport holiday “Atmanovskie kulachki”.
The most ambitious studies were carried out in 2013 and in 2020 under the grants of the President of the Russian Federation.
Folklore images of the traditional ethnosport festival “Atmanovskiye kulachki” give an impact to the folk, amateur and professional creativity development of the Tambov region.
Itineraries
The architecture of Tambov is preserved in a “Liberty” style on the territory of Russia in its provincial design. A great number of large public buildings and one-story mansions, reflecting the character of that time, are located within the boundaries of the historical center and are the focus of attraction for tourists and native citizens interested in the history of the city.
Many buildings are well preserved and used according to their original purpose. Each of them is unique and demonstrates the aesthetics of an individual approach to solving creative tasks. This was the time when a community of local architects was formed (previously, all projects were coordinated in the capital and did not contribute to the development of architectural activities). There were more opportunities for expanding the private activity that lead to the production of construction products. Due to the urban way of life the corresponding types of buildings were built – profitable and charitable institutions, theaters, banks, hotels.
The Tambov Art Nouveau style has become a unique phenomenon in Russia. That is why recently Tambov welcomes participants of the Art Nouveau Festival (Liberti) held in the city. Creative teams and craftsmen, artists arrive to the festival to carry out master classes and share experiences. Local farmers present their products and all visitors are dressed in clothes of that time listening to the music of that period. The center of the festival event was the park created in the Art Nouveau era at the estate of the Aseev brothers.
The following buildings are considered to be historically the most significant and interesting:
The residential house-mansion of Vasily Anosov
The residential house-mansion of Vasily Anosov was built in 1909-1910 as a complex of buildings with a closed perimeter and a vivid example of the modern formal techniques and principles, as well as the influence of the Moscow school on the architecture of Tambov at the beginning of the 20th century.
Currently serves as an office center.
Building of the Tambov Imperial Russian Musical Society
Building of the Tambov Imperial Russian Musical Society. Built in the period from 1902 to 1903. Designed by architect Feofil Svirchevsky. One of the first buildings in the Art Nouveau style in the architecture of Tambov, which determined the unique style of local construction. The building has a unique vault, which creates good acoustics of the concert hall. The great Russian composer Sergei Rachmaninoff visited it. Today it houses a music school.
Residential house-mansion of the merchant Seleznev
Residential house-mansion of the merchant Seleznev. Built in 1910-1915. The original building stylistic solution reflects the images of the Baroque and Egyptian ornaments. A typical example of the period of propagation of retrospective directions in Tambov. It is one of the unique objects of the city. Currently, it houses a wedding palace.
Nikolsky Brothers Hotel on Dvoryanskaya (Internatsionalnaya) Street
Nikolsky Brothers Hotel on Dvoryanskaya (Internatsionalnaya) Street. It was built in 1906. One of the first profitable establishments in the city. At different times it hosted a house of mercy, restaurants and cafes, offices of the regional administration.
The architecture of the building is typical for its time. It was believed that the angular setting of the volume significantly increases the profitability of the institution. There are several similar objects in Tambov (a club of railroad workers, an apartment house of a merchant Yakovlev, and others). The facades are decorated in typical Liberty style ornaments and decoration elements.
Theater with an interesting name “Mirror of Life”
Theater with an interesting name “Mirror of Life”
It was built in 1912 by Fyodor Pikulin at the intersection of Hristorozhdestvenskaya and Znamenskaya streets (now Krasnaya and Oktyabrskaya streets). Performances and musical evenings were held here. Artists gave lectures and held creative meetings. The first films were shown there. This object was one of the focuses of the cultural life of the citizens. Currently, offices are located here.
In addition to these unique urban objects, Tambov is known for small mansions decorated in the spirit of Art Nouveau, office and banking buildings, which have been well preserved to this day. Iron gratings of balconies and railings, colored stained-glass windows and characteristic architectural details, as well as a century old landscape elements are presented everywhere.
curiosities
Tambov city etymology
Some believe that the name of the city was given by the Mordovian tribes who inhabited the territory of the modern Tambov region. “Tambo” is translated from Mordovian as “swampy shore”. There is a version that in the past there was a cruel robber named Bov on the location of modern Tambov. Travelers meeting him scattered in fear, shouting: “There is Bov. ” (in transliteration it looks like “Tam Bov. ”. This is how the name Tambov was assigned to the area.
Tambov is mentioned in popular expression “The Tambov wolf is your comrade!” There are several versions of this expression. One of them has a socio-economic background. Thus, Tambov peasants, who went to the capital for a work in the 19th century, took up any job and asked for it several times less than the locals, which contributed to the knockdown of payment. Moscow workers did not like the agility of their competitors. Therefore, seeing the people from Tambov, they said: “Oh, the Tambov wolves have arrived.” Moreover, this expression has spread into the cinema and was used in the most famous and popular Russian films finally connecting the image of a wolf with Tambov.
“The Boy Wants to Tambov” is a super music hit of the 90-ies in Russia, which encreased the fame of one the Russian singers and brought him his first popularity. The composition was a Russian-language adaptation of the Brazilian hit «Tic Tic Tac» by «Carrapicho» and had a high radio and TV rotation on the whole territory of Russian Federation. So many Russian people learnt about a small city on the river Tsna due to this song. “The Boy Wants to Tambov”, despite its simplicity, has become a popular hit. More than 20 years have passed since the premiere of the song, and still, the composition is loved and remembered.
Tambov historical figures
Among the names associated with the Tambov region an honorable place is occupied by the name of the remarkable Russian poet, governor of the city of Tambov in 1786-1788 Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin, who made a great contribution into the development of the cultural, scientific and political sector of the province. Achievements of Derzhavin include the development of the state treasury regulations, improvement of the urban outlook of Tambov, topographic study of the Tambov province, solutions a wide range of social issues. State potential of Derzhavin ‘s initiatives on the development of ship navigation throughout rivers of the Tambov province, on reforming financial and customs systems was of high importance for Tambov region. The city has a street named after Derzhavin and the university named after him.
The creative life of the great Russian composer, pianist, conductor Sergei Rachmaninoff is traditionally associated with the Tambov land, with the village of Ivanovka in Tambov region where the most of his world known compositions were written. Today the Ivanovka Museum is the world’s largest center for broadcasting the Russian cultural heritage associated with the life and work of S.V. Rachmaninov. Ivanovka hosts music contents, concerts and theater assemblies. International music festivals named after S.V. Rachmaninov attract musicians from different countries to Tambov for many years. The Tambov State Music and Pedagogical Institute was named after him.
The Tambov region is closely connected with the name of the famous scientist Ivan Michurin. He created a vast collection of fruit crop varieties and species from around the world and organized their involvement and efficient use in breeding via hybridization. In total, he created 132 commercial cultivars, 11 of which are not only cultivated now but were also included in the National Register of Protected Plant Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation. The city of Michurinsk is named after the great scientist and is an Agricultural Science City which has a unique history and brand of the world-famous innovative center of horticulture and genetics.